The Roman numerals I,
II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, L, C, D, M, and M and the Latin and/or
Spanish languages comprised some of the Christian codes of which was born out
of the Asiatic Universities in Span. Argentina, Brazil, Peru, Columbia, and
Venezuela, comprised the springboard for the European Nations to have many
different races and castes systems to populate the Americas, and to try and
kill the original inhabitants of the Western hemisphere.
In 45 BCE, New Year's
Day is celebrated on January 1 for the first time in history as the Julian
calendar takes effect. Soon after becoming Roman authoritarian, Julius Caesar
decided that the traditional Roman calendar was in dire need of reform.
Introduced around the
seventh century BCE, the Roman calendar attempted to follow the lunar cycle but
frequently fell out of phase with the seasons. In addition, the Roman body
charged with overseeing the calendar often abused its authority by adding days
to extend political terms or interfere with elections. In designing his new
calendar, Caesar enlisted the aid of an Alexandrian astronomer, who advised him
to do away with the lunar cycle entirely and follow the solar year, as did the
Egyptians.
The year calculated to
be 365 and 1/4 days, Caesar added 67 days, making January 1 the first of year,
rather than in mid March (The Real New Year). He also decreed that every four
years a day be added to February, thus theoretically keeping his calendar from
falling out of step.
Shortly before his
assassination in 44 BCE, he changed the name of the month Quintiles to Julius
(July) after himself. Later, the month of Sextilis was renamed Augustus
(August) after his successor.
Celebration of New
Year's Day in January fell out of practice during the Middle Ages, and even
those who strictly adhered to the Julian calendar did not observe the New Year
exactly on January 1. The reason for the latter was that Caesar and Sosigenes
failed to calculate the correct value for the solar year as 365.242199 days,
not 365.25 days.
Thus, an
11-minute-a-year error added seven days by the year 1000, and 10 days by the
mid-15th century. The Roman church became aware of this problem, and in the
1570, Pope Gregory XIII commissioned Jesuit astronomer Christopher Clavius to
come up with a new calendar. In 1582, the Gregorian calendar, omitted 10 days
for that year and establishing the new rule that only one of every four
centennial years should be a leap year. Since then, people around the world
have gathered en masse on January 1 to celebrate the arrival of the Gregorian
New Year.
Traditionally founded
by Romulus in 753 BC, ruled by kings until the expulsion of Tarquin the Proud
in 510 years before the christen era. By
mid second century, Rome had subdued the all of Italy and her power brought her
into conflict with Carthaginian interests in the western Mediterranean also
taken place was the Hellenistic world in the East.
Success in the Punic
Wars gave Rome her first overseas possessions, and the Macedonian wars
eventually left her dominant over Greece and much of Asia Minor.
Provincial unrest and dissatisfaction at
home with the Senates control of command
brought a series of ambitious military leaders to the fore-front in open
rivalry, each able to count on the support of a devoted soldiery, until civil wars culminated in the defeat of Pompey
by Julius Caesar.
Caesar’s brief
dictatorship established the principle of personal autocracy, and after his
assassination by republican conspirators, another round of civil war ended with
Octavian’s assumption of authority as a kind of constitutional monarch.
The US comprises every
so-called race of the European family; Rome enslaved the Europeans and Asiatics
through false doctrine of religious mystery and image, or idol, worship of
various mystical God phrases using pictures and idols.
The earliest known
natives of Italy are Asiatic, thus making the base of the Latin race Asiatic
not European, Mr. D. Wilson based his observations on the earliest Etrurian
pottery he refers to well known examples of Etruscan vases molded in the forms
of Asiatics heads and of Greek pottery painted with the same characteristic
features and woolly hair. ‘Specimens of both are preserved among the
collections of the British Museum’ and furnish interesting evidence like, the
permanency of the Asiatic, and the familiarity the Greek and Roman had with the
Etruscan artists who had Asiatic features long prior to the Christian era.
*(Asiatic = Mind and body of the Black people of Earth)(J.A. Rogers)
The term European
implies the people who control the Board of Real Estate, Commerce, Production
and Distribution in and under the umbrella for the Order of Roman (European)
colonization, which manifested with Wall Street in Amsterdam or New York. Of
which are the headquarters of the Nobles, Dukes, and Lords also Duchesses, the
true jury over the wealth and culture of the American Nation. The forefathers
of the Asiatic (Moorish Nations) who were defeated by the Roman conquerors,
after having undergone some 364 years of intermittent conflict from Patagonia
to Alaska, Canada and Iceland. Having been defeated by the Roman tribes of
South America, they submitted themselves to Roman slavery under names such as
Negro and Indian, which resulted in the loss of their birthrights. In the
Christian calendar 1774 is equivalent to 14,860 Asiatic calendar year, 1453 –
1492 Christian calendar year is equivalent to 14,539 – 14,578 Asiatic calendar
year, the Moors ruled old Spain for 750 years therefore all the tribes of
Portugal, Spain, Italy and Sicily are of one family, namely Latin and Asiatic.
The Roman conquerors subtracted 13,086 years and 3 months from the Asiatic
calendar, to arrive at the Gregorian calendar.
1865 Christian calendar
year is equivalent to 14,951 Asiatic calendar year, 1946 CCY is equivalent to
15,032 ACY. Once in fascist Italy, Benito Mussolini dreamed of reviving the
glory of Rome and he looked to Africa for colonies to conquer. In 1935, Italy
invaded Ethiopia; a proud nation that at one time symbolized the best of
Africa.
WWII
In 1939, when World War
II was declared, Nigerians were urged to support Britain in the name of a
better postwar world, a world that would include democracy and
self-determination. The USSR and the US, were speaking out against colonialism.
In Britain, the Labor Party with its strong anti-imperialist views was coming
to power. One of the party’s leaders, C.R. Attlee, declared in the London Daily
Herald.
We in the Labor Party
have always been conscious of the wrongs done by the European races to the
races with darker skins. We have always demanded that the freedom, which we claim
for ourselves, should be extended to all men. I look for an ever-increasing
measure of sovereignty in Africa.
In March 1945, the same
session of the British Parliament that approved the Richards Constitution also
passed these Ordinances. The Minerals Ordinance, the Public Lands Acquisition
Ordinance, and the Crown Lands Ordinance, (see YouTube).
Two months later,
30,000 union members struck for 37 days in a general strike. Since the
participating unions controlled vital services, such as rail services, the
strike paralyzed much of the nation. In 1947, the British granted independence
to India and Pakistan and appeared willing to grant independence also to Burma
and Ceylon. Nineteen forty-eight became a turning point in Nigeria. The
Richards Constitution, approved in 1945, was supposed to be in effect for nine
years. However, in 1948, the new governor, Sir John McPherson, announced
intentions to revise the document and to recruit Nigerians into the senior
ranks of the civil service.
Admirers of Azikiwe had
formed an assemblage called the Zikists. H.R. Abdallah, president of the
movement, declared, 'I hate the Union Jack with all my heart because it divides
the people wherever it goes. It is a symbol of persecution, of domination, a
symbol of exploitation. We have passed the age of petition, the age of
resolution, the age of diplomacy. This is the age of action plain, blunt and
positive action'. Ten Zikists leaders charged with sedition are arrested. By
1949, six European firms handled about 66 percent of Nigeria’s imports and
nearly 70 percent of her exports. In November 1949, a labor disturbance erupted
in the Eastern Province and a police detachment opened fire on the striking
miners, many of whom were killed or wounded. When protest swept across Nigeria,
including a series of Zikists riots, the Zikists movement was declared illegal.
In 1951, another
constitution the McPherson Constitution endeavored to pacify Nigeria, without
success. At this point, three major political parties had sprouted in Nigeria,
each with a strong national base. In the East was the NCNC; in the West, the
Action Party, called AG in the North, the Northern People’s Congress or NPC. No
party claimed a nationwide majority. The British government convened a
constitutional conference in London, producing the Littleton Constitution of
1954. A federal election produced a coalition government between the NPC and
NCNC that is, between the North and East.
In 1957, a
constitutional review conference was called and a national government formed to
prepare Nigeria for independence. The three regional parties the NPC, NCNC, and
the AG joined under the leadership of Prime Minister Abubakar Tafawa Balewa.
Federal elections were held, during the month of October 1, 1960, the Union
Jack was lowered.
The green and white
flag of the Federation of Nigeria flew in its place. Nigeria had become a
sovereign Confederation; three years later, Nigeria became a republic.
In January 1966, the
federal prime minister and other key political figures were assassinated in a
military coup. A new government was declared the then head of the army, Major
General Aguinyi Ironsi, quickly imprisoned the coup leaders. Within weeks, there
was a coup within the army and Major General Aguinyi Ironsi was dead. On August
1, Colonel Yakubu Gowon, assumed the leadership of Nigeria. Gowon won over the
West but tensions grew with the East. When it was rumored that Israel and the
US planned to back the East in a war against the rest of Nigeria, the North
reacted with rage against its Ibo population, which had Eastern roots,
estimates of Ibo dead range from 10,000 to 30,000, Estimates of those who fled
to the East range from 600,000 to 2 million.
A civil war existed
between the North and the East. Secession was more than an emotional issue; it
was also an economic one. Most of Nigeria’s oil industry was located within the
East or off its shores. For centuries, the East had been the poorest area of Nigeria
but now it could become the wealthiest. On May 30, 1967, the East declared
itself the Republic of Biafra.
The East anticipates
that international oil companies would force their governments to support
Biafra. Nevertheless, the United States was entangled in Vietnam; the Soviets
were worried with quelling Czechoslovakia; and most European powers were wary
of a conflict that other African Nations proclaimed to be an African matter.
Britain was an exception. It supported Gowon’s government the Federals against
Biafra. Near the outset of hostilities, the Federals imposed a massive blockade
on the East, which kept out food, medicine, and essential goods. Meanwhile, war
destroyed the harvest of the East. Each night on world news, audiences around
the world saw the results: the unblinking eyes of children waiting to die; the
pleas of a mother as she showed her starving newborn to the cameras; the hoards
of flies coating the faces of those too weak to wave them away. At its peak,
foreign observers estimated Biafra’s death toll to be 30,000 a day.
Humanitarian
organizations rushed food and medical supplies to Biafra but they were
ineffective because of the corruption within the Biafra army and because of
hindrance by the Federals. The Nigerian air force went so far as to shoot down
a Red Cross DC 7 in broad daylight, claiming it was an accident due to mistaken
identity. Britain continued to back the Federals with Maurice Foley,
undersecretary of the Foreign Office, explaining, "We have links extending
over 100 years, we have 16,000 people in Nigeria, great investments, and much
trade of enormous mutual benefit to Nigerians and ourselves. We have no other
honorable option." When the Soviets also extended aid to the Federals,
Britain became even less likely to withdraw.
Ultimately, Biafra
surrendered unconditionally. The war lasted longer than two and one-half years.
There is no accurate record of how many died. On Independence Day, October 1,
1970, Gowon outlined a nine-point program for a new Nigeria. In 1975, he was
overthrown in a bloodless coup. His successor, a Northern general, ruled for
201 days before being killed and replaced by the army’s chief of staff. Nigeria
was confounded under an unbalanced, persistent military rule. Finally, in
October 1979, in the wake of a nationwide election, Nigeria returned to
civilian rule. However, On December 31, 1983, the military seized power once
again. Instability, elections, assassinations, labor protest, and accusations
of corruption have continued. In 1985, a coup led by Major General Ibrahim
Babangida brought a new government to power, along with the promise of a return
to civilian rule.
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